diff --git a/src/Makefile.am b/src/Makefile.am
index 147a1997..d322db72 100644
--- a/src/Makefile.am
+++ b/src/Makefile.am
@@ -174,6 +174,8 @@ libsub_root_a_SOURCES = \
 	utils/list_focus.h \
 	utils/lockfile.cc \
 	utils/lockfile.h \
+	utils/waitpid_queue.cc \
+	utils/waitpid_queue.h \
 	utils/watch_ready_queue.cc \
 	utils/watch_ready_queue.h \
 	\
diff --git a/src/control.h b/src/control.h
index 397c996e..dfc287d4 100644
--- a/src/control.h
+++ b/src/control.h
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <torrent/torrent.h>
-#include <torrent/utils/scheduler.h>
+#include <torrent/system/scheduler.h>
 
 namespace ui {
   class Root;
@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@ private:
   mode_t              m_umask;
   std::string         m_workingDirectory;
 
-  torrent::utils::SchedulerEntry m_task_shutdown;
-  torrent::utils::SchedulerEntry m_task_shutdown_clear_requests;
+  torrent::system::SchedulerEntry m_task_shutdown;
+  torrent::system::SchedulerEntry m_task_shutdown_clear_requests;
 
   int                 m_clear_requests_count{};
 
diff --git a/src/core/dht_manager.h b/src/core/dht_manager.h
index eb6d6474..613a2d15 100644
--- a/src/core/dht_manager.h
+++ b/src/core/dht_manager.h
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #define RTORRENT_CORE_DHT_MANAGER_H
 
 #include <torrent/object.h>
-#include <torrent/utils/scheduler.h>
+#include <torrent/system/scheduler.h>
 
 namespace core {
 
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ private:
   uint64_t            m_dhtPrevBytesUp;
   uint64_t            m_dhtPrevBytesDown;
 
-  torrent::utils::SchedulerEntry m_update_timeout;
-  torrent::utils::SchedulerEntry m_stop_timeout;
+  torrent::system::SchedulerEntry m_update_timeout;
+  torrent::system::SchedulerEntry m_stop_timeout;
 
   bool                m_warned{};
   bool                m_set_by_user{};
diff --git a/src/core/download_factory.h b/src/core/download_factory.h
index 71513807..435b09d8 100644
--- a/src/core/download_factory.h
+++ b/src/core/download_factory.h
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #include <iosfwd>
 
 #include <torrent/object.h>
-#include <torrent/utils/scheduler.h>
+#include <torrent/system/scheduler.h>
 
 #include "http_queue.h"
 
@@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ private:
   command_list_type         m_commands;
   torrent::Object::map_type m_variables;
 
-  slot_void                      m_slot_finished;
-  torrent::utils::SchedulerEntry m_task_load;
-  torrent::utils::SchedulerEntry m_task_commit;
+  slot_void                       m_slot_finished;
+  torrent::system::SchedulerEntry m_task_load;
+  torrent::system::SchedulerEntry m_task_commit;
 };
 
 bool is_network_uri(const std::string& uri);
diff --git a/src/core/view.h b/src/core/view.h
index 73b3dc0b..abbf0bef 100644
--- a/src/core/view.h
+++ b/src/core/view.h
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 #include <torrent/object.h>
-#include <torrent/utils/scheduler.h>
+#include <torrent/system/scheduler.h>
 
 #include "globals.h"
 
@@ -153,8 +153,8 @@ private:
 
   std::chrono::microseconds m_last_changed{};
 
-  signal_void                    m_signal_changed;
-  torrent::utils::SchedulerEntry m_delay_changed;
+  signal_void                     m_signal_changed;
+  torrent::system::SchedulerEntry m_delay_changed;
 };
 
 } // namespace core
diff --git a/src/display/manager.h b/src/display/manager.h
index 32274a3c..57696112 100644
--- a/src/display/manager.h
+++ b/src/display/manager.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef RTORRENT_DISPLAY_MANAGER_H
 #define RTORRENT_DISPLAY_MANAGER_H
 
-#include <torrent/utils/scheduler.h>
+#include <torrent/system/scheduler.h>
 
 #include "display/frame.h"
 
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ private:
   bool                m_force_redraw{false};
   Frame               m_root_frame;
 
-  std::chrono::microseconds         m_time_last_update{};
-  torrent::utils::ExternalScheduler m_scheduler;
-  torrent::utils::SchedulerEntry    m_task_update;
+  std::chrono::microseconds          m_time_last_update{};
+  torrent::system::ExternalScheduler m_scheduler;
+  torrent::system::SchedulerEntry    m_task_update;
 };
 
 }
diff --git a/src/display/window.h b/src/display/window.h
index 12e3dfbc..f09bb1e3 100644
--- a/src/display/window.h
+++ b/src/display/window.h
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #define RTORRENT_WINDOW_BASE_H
 
 #include <functional>
-#include <torrent/utils/scheduler.h>
+#include <torrent/system/scheduler.h>
 #include <torrent/system/thread.h>
 
 #include "canvas.h"
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ protected:
   extent_type         m_max_width;
   extent_type         m_max_height;
 
-  torrent::utils::SchedulerEntry m_task_update;
+  torrent::system::SchedulerEntry m_task_update;
 };
 
 // Return a range with a distance of no more than __distance and
diff --git a/src/display/window_http_queue.h b/src/display/window_http_queue.h
index 1fd46043..e7e6ffbc 100644
--- a/src/display/window_http_queue.h
+++ b/src/display/window_http_queue.h
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ private:
   signal_curl_get::iterator m_conn_insert;
   signal_curl_get::iterator m_conn_erase;
 
-  torrent::utils::SchedulerEntry m_task_deactivate;
+  torrent::system::SchedulerEntry m_task_deactivate;
 };
 
 }
diff --git a/src/display/window_log.h b/src/display/window_log.h
index bb00c9c7..f3b30ecc 100644
--- a/src/display/window_log.h
+++ b/src/display/window_log.h
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef RTORRENT_DISPLAY_WINDOW_LOG_H
 #define RTORRENT_DISPLAY_WINDOW_LOG_H
 
+#include <torrent/system/scheduler.h>
 #include <torrent/utils/log_buffer.h>
-#include <torrent/utils/scheduler.h>
 
 #include "window.h"
 
@@ -22,10 +22,12 @@ public:
 private:
   inline iterator     find_older();
 
-  torrent::log_buffer*           m_log;
-  torrent::utils::SchedulerEntry m_task_update;
+  torrent::log_buffer*            m_log;
+  torrent::system::SchedulerEntry m_task_update;
 
-  align_cacheline std::atomic<bool> m_log_updating{};
+  align_cacheline
+
+  std::atomic<bool>   m_log_updating{};
 };
 
 }
diff --git a/src/rpc/command_scheduler_item.h b/src/rpc/command_scheduler_item.h
index e70e55bf..abe1d78e 100644
--- a/src/rpc/command_scheduler_item.h
+++ b/src/rpc/command_scheduler_item.h
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 #include <functional>
 #include <torrent/object.h>
-#include <torrent/utils/scheduler.h>
+#include <torrent/system/scheduler.h>
 
 namespace rpc {
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ private:
   uint32_t                  m_interval{};
   std::chrono::microseconds m_time_scheduled;
 
-  torrent::utils::SchedulerEntry m_task;
+  torrent::system::SchedulerEntry m_task;
 
   // Flags for various things.
 };
diff --git a/src/rpc/exec_file.cc b/src/rpc/exec_file.cc
index d1467526..114922de 100644
--- a/src/rpc/exec_file.cc
+++ b/src/rpc/exec_file.cc
@@ -1,23 +1,22 @@
 #include "config.h"
 
-#include <cassert>
-#include <cerrno>
-#include <cstring>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <spawn.h>
-#include <string>
+#include "rpc/exec_file.h"
+
+// #include <cassert>
+// #include <cerrno>
+// #include <cstring>
+// #include <fcntl.h>
+// #include <spawn.h>
+// #include <string>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/wait.h>
-#include <torrent/net/fd.h>
+// #include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/uio.h>
+// #include <torrent/net/fd.h>
 #include <torrent/system/thread.h>
+#include <torrent/system/spawn_process.h>
 #include <torrent/system/types.h>
 
-#include "exec_file.h"
-#include "parse.h"
-
-// Standard POSIX environment pointer
-extern char** environ;
+#include "rpc/parse.h"
 
 namespace rpc {
 
@@ -25,159 +24,56 @@ namespace rpc {
 
 int
 ExecFile::execute(const char* file, char* const* argv, int flags) {
-  assert(!((flags & flag_capture) && (flags & flag_background)));
+  torrent::system::SpawnProcess spawn_process;
 
-  // Write the executed command and its parameters to the log fd.
-  [[maybe_unused]] int result;
+  spawn_process.set_log_fd(m_log_fd);
+  spawn_process.set_background(flags & flag_background);
+  spawn_process.set_capture_output(flags & flag_capture);
 
   if (m_log_fd != -1) {
-    for (char* const* itr = argv; *itr != NULL; itr++) {
-      if (itr == argv)
-        result = write(m_log_fd, "\n---\n", sizeof("\n---\n"));
-      else
-        result = write(m_log_fd, " ", 1);
+    std::vector<struct iovec> iovecs;
+    iovecs.reserve(32);
+    iovecs.push_back({const_cast<char*>("\n---\n"), 5});
 
-      result = write(m_log_fd, *itr, std::strlen(*itr));
+    for (auto* itr = argv; *itr != nullptr; itr++) {
+      if (itr != argv)
+        iovecs.push_back({const_cast<char*>(" "), 1});
+
+      iovecs.push_back({*itr, std::strlen(*itr)});
     }
 
-    result = write(m_log_fd, "\n---\n", sizeof("\n---\n"));
+    iovecs.push_back({const_cast<char*>("\n---\n"), 5});
+
+    [[maybe_unused]] int result = ::writev(m_log_fd, iovecs.data(), iovecs.size());
   }
 
-  posix_spawn_file_actions_t actions{};
-
-  if (posix_spawn_file_actions_init(&actions) != 0)
-    throw torrent::internal_error("ExecFile::execute(...) posix_spawn_file_actions_init failed.");
-
-  posix_spawnattr_t attr;
-  posix_spawnattr_init(&attr);
-
-  // Try to avoid leaking open fds to the spawned process. Prefer POSIX_SPAWN_CLOEXEC_DEFAULT
-  // (macOS-only) or posix_spawn_file_actions_addclosefrom_np (glibc >= 2.34, FreeBSD >= 13.1).
-  //
-  // Other platforms like musl libc, OpenBSD and NetBSD must rely on explicit O_CLOEXEC.
-
-  // Handle standard input redirection (/dev/null), posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen handles opening
-  // and dup2 natively
-  if (posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen(&actions, 0, "/dev/null", O_RDWR, 0) != 0) {
-    // Fallback if open fails inside action setup
-    posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose(&actions, 0);
-  }
-
-  int pipe_0 = -1;
-  int pipe_1 = -1;
-
-  // Handle standard output redirection
-  if (flags & flag_capture) {
-    torrent::fd_open_pipe(pipe_0, pipe_1);
-
-    posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2(&actions, pipe_1, 1);
-
-    // Ensure the write end of the pipe is closed in the child after duplicating.
-    posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose(&actions, pipe_0);
-    posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose(&actions, pipe_1);
-
-  } else if (m_log_fd != -1) {
-    posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2(&actions, m_log_fd, 1);
-
-  } else {
-    posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen(&actions, 1, "/dev/null", O_RDWR, 0);
-  }
-
-  if (m_log_fd != -1) {
-    posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2(&actions, m_log_fd, 2);
-  } else {
-    posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen(&actions, 2, "/dev/null", O_RDWR, 0);
-  }
-
-  short spawn_flags = 0;
-
-#if defined(POSIX_SPAWN_CLOEXEC_DEFAULT)
-  spawn_flags |= POSIX_SPAWN_CLOEXEC_DEFAULT;
-#elif defined(HAVE_POSIX_SPAWN_FILE_ACTIONS_ADDCLOSEFROM_NP)
-  posix_spawn_file_actions_addclosefrom_np(&actions, 3);
-#endif
-
-  if (flags & flag_background) {
-#ifdef POSIX_SPAWN_SETSID
-    spawn_flags |= POSIX_SPAWN_SETSID;
-#else
-    spawn_flags |= POSIX_SPAWN_SETPGROUP;
-    posix_spawnattr_setpgroup(&attr, 0);
-#endif
-  }
-
-  posix_spawnattr_setflags(&attr, spawn_flags);
-
-  pid_t child_pid{};
-  int   spawn_status = posix_spawnp(&child_pid, file, &actions, &attr, argv, environ);
-
-  posix_spawn_file_actions_destroy(&actions);
-  posix_spawnattr_destroy(&attr);
+  int spawn_status = spawn_process.execute(file, argv);
 
   if (spawn_status != 0) {
-    if (pipe_0 != -1)
-      torrent::fd_close(pipe_0);
+    if (m_log_fd != -1) {
+      auto prefix    = "\n--- posix_spawn failed: ";
+      auto errno_str = torrent::system::errno_enum_str(spawn_status) + " ---\n";
 
-    if (pipe_1 != -1)
-      torrent::fd_close(pipe_1);
+      struct iovec iovecs[2] = {
+        {const_cast<char*>(prefix), std::strlen(prefix)},
+        {const_cast<char*>(errno_str.c_str()), errno_str.size()},
+      };
+
+      [[maybe_unused]] int result = ::writev(m_log_fd, iovecs, 2);
+    }
 
     throw torrent::input_error("ExecFile::execute() posix_spawn failed: " + torrent::system::errno_enum_str(spawn_status));
   }
 
-  if (flags & flag_capture) {
-    m_capture = std::string();
-    torrent::fd_close(pipe_1);
-
-    char buffer[4096];
-    ssize_t length;
-
-    do {
-      length = read(pipe_0, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
-
-      if (length > 0)
-        m_capture += std::string(buffer, length);
-
-    } while (length > 0);
-
-    torrent::fd_close(pipe_0);
-
-    if (m_log_fd != -1) {
-      result = write(m_log_fd, "Captured output:\n", sizeof("Captured output:\n"));
-      result = write(m_log_fd, m_capture.data(), m_capture.length());
-    }
-  }
-
   if (flags & flag_background) {
-    if (m_log_fd != -1)
-      result = write(m_log_fd, "\n--- Running in Background ---\n", sizeof("\n--- Running in Background ---\n"));
-
+    m_waitpid_queue.close_pid(spawn_process.child_pid());
     return 0;
   }
 
-  int status;
+  if (flags & flag_capture)
+    m_capture = spawn_process.capture_child_output();
 
-  while (::waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1) {
-    switch (errno) {
-    case EINTR:
-      continue;
-    case ECHILD:
-      throw torrent::internal_error("ExecFile::execute(...) waitpid failed with ECHILD, child process not found.");
-    case EINVAL:
-      throw torrent::internal_error("ExecFile::execute(...) waitpid failed with EINVAL.");
-    default:
-      throw torrent::internal_error("ExecFile::execute(...) waitpid failed with unexpected error: " + std::string(std::strerror(errno)));
-    }
-  };
-
-  // Check return value?
-  if (m_log_fd != -1) {
-    if (WIFEXITED(status) && WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0)
-      result = write(m_log_fd, "\n--- Success ---\n", sizeof("\n--- Success ---\n"));
-    else
-      result = write(m_log_fd, "\n--- Error ---\n", sizeof("\n--- Error ---\n"));
-  }
-
-  return status;
+  return spawn_process.wait_for_child();
 }
 
 torrent::Object
@@ -237,4 +133,4 @@ ExecFile::execute_object(const torrent::Object& rawArgs, int flags) {
   return torrent::Object((int64_t)status);
 }
 
-}
+} // namespace rpc
diff --git a/src/rpc/exec_file.h b/src/rpc/exec_file.h
index dc0aa160..2a60578d 100644
--- a/src/rpc/exec_file.h
+++ b/src/rpc/exec_file.h
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 
 #include <torrent/object.h>
 
+#include "utils/waitpid_queue.h"
+
 namespace rpc {
 
 class ExecFile {
@@ -24,6 +26,8 @@ public:
 private:
   int                 m_log_fd{-1};
   std::string         m_capture;
+
+  utils::WaitpidQueue m_waitpid_queue;
 };
 
 }
diff --git a/src/utils/waitpid_queue.cc b/src/utils/waitpid_queue.cc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ffe3f7fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/waitpid_queue.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+#include "config.h"
+
+#include "utils/waitpid_queue.h"
+
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <torrent/exceptions.h>
+
+namespace utils {
+
+WaitpidQueue::WaitpidQueue() {
+  m_worker = std::async(std::launch::async, [this]() {
+      bool is_running = true;
+      auto wait_time  = 50ms;
+
+      while (is_running) {
+        if (!m_queue.empty()) {
+          auto start_time = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+          while (!m_wakeup_worker.load(std::memory_order_acquire) && !m_should_shutdown) {
+            auto elapsed = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start_time;
+
+            if (elapsed >= wait_time)
+              break;
+
+            std::this_thread::sleep_for(50ms);
+          }
+
+        } else {
+          m_wakeup_worker.wait(false, std::memory_order_acquire);
+          std::this_thread::sleep_for(50ms);
+        }
+
+        std::set<pid_t> queue;
+
+        {
+          std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(m_mutex);
+
+          if (m_should_shutdown) {
+            if (m_queue.empty())
+              return;
+
+            is_running = false;
+          }
+
+          if (m_queue.empty())
+            throw torrent::internal_error("WaitpidQueue worker thread woke up but queue is empty.");
+
+          queue = m_queue;
+
+          m_wakeup_worker.store(false, std::memory_order_release);
+        }
+
+        wait_time = std::min(10 * 1000ms, wait_time * 2);
+
+        for (auto pid : queue) {
+          if (::waitpid(pid, nullptr, WNOHANG) == 0)
+            continue;
+
+          {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(m_mutex);
+
+            if (m_queue.erase(pid) != 1)
+              throw torrent::internal_error("WaitpidQueue worker thread could not find pid in queue.");
+          }
+
+          wait_time = std::max(50ms, wait_time / 2);
+
+          m_remaining.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_release);
+          m_remaining.notify_all();
+        }
+      }
+    });
+}
+
+WaitpidQueue::~WaitpidQueue() {
+  {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(m_mutex);
+    m_should_shutdown = true;
+  }
+
+  m_wakeup_worker.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+  m_wakeup_worker.notify_all();
+
+  // m_worker.wait();
+}
+
+void
+WaitpidQueue::close_pid(pid_t pid) {
+  if (pid < 0)
+    throw torrent::internal_error("WaitpidQueue::close_pid() called with invalid pid.");
+
+  m_remaining.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_acquire);
+
+  {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(m_mutex);
+
+    // if (!m_queue.empty()) {
+    //   m_queue.push_back(pid);
+    //   return;
+    // }
+
+    m_queue.insert(pid);
+  }
+
+  m_wakeup_worker.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+  m_wakeup_worker.notify_all();
+}
+
+void
+WaitpidQueue::wait_for(uint32_t max_remaining) {
+  while (m_remaining.load(std::memory_order_acquire) > max_remaining)
+    m_remaining.wait(max_remaining, std::memory_order_acquire);
+}
+
+} // namespace torrent::utils
diff --git a/src/utils/waitpid_queue.h b/src/utils/waitpid_queue.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4fef82cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/waitpid_queue.h
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#ifndef RTORRENT_UTILS_WAITPID_QUEUE_H
+#define RTORRENT_UTILS_WAITPID_QUEUE_H
+
+#include <future>
+#include <set>
+#include <torrent/system/common.h>
+
+namespace utils {
+
+class WaitpidQueue {
+public:
+  WaitpidQueue();
+  ~WaitpidQueue();
+
+  uint32_t            size() const;
+
+  void                close_pid(int pid);
+
+  void                wait_for(uint32_t max_remaining);
+
+private:
+  WaitpidQueue(const WaitpidQueue&) = delete;
+  WaitpidQueue& operator=(const WaitpidQueue&) = delete;
+
+  std::future<void>   m_worker;
+
+  align_cacheline
+
+  std::mutex          m_mutex;
+  std::set<pid_t>     m_queue;
+
+  bool                m_should_shutdown{};
+
+  align_cacheline
+
+  std::atomic<bool>     m_wakeup_worker{};
+  std::atomic<uint32_t> m_remaining{};
+};
+
+inline uint32_t WaitpidQueue::size() const { return m_remaining.load(std::memory_order_acquire); }
+
+} // namespace utils
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/utils/watch_ready_queue.h b/src/utils/watch_ready_queue.h
index 1f0515ec..a18160bf 100644
--- a/src/utils/watch_ready_queue.h
+++ b/src/utils/watch_ready_queue.h
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <torrent/utils/scheduler.h>
+#include <torrent/system/scheduler.h>
 
 namespace utils {
 
@@ -49,10 +49,12 @@ private:
   void               update_status(Entry* entry);
   void               schedule();
 
-  std::map<std::string, Entry>   m_entries;
-  std::vector<Entry*>            m_entry_queue;
-  torrent::utils::SchedulerEntry m_task_process;
-  bool                           m_active{true};
+  std::map<std::string, Entry> m_entries;
+  std::vector<Entry*>          m_entry_queue;
+
+  bool                         m_active{true};
+
+  torrent::system::SchedulerEntry m_task_process;
 };
 
 }
diff --git a/test/helpers/test_main_thread.cc b/test/helpers/test_main_thread.cc
index 7a48a07b..f9b3d1aa 100644
--- a/test/helpers/test_main_thread.cc
+++ b/test/helpers/test_main_thread.cc
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 #include "torrent/exceptions.h"
 #include "torrent/net/resolver.h"
 #include "torrent/utils/log.h"
-#include "torrent/utils/scheduler.h"
 
 std::unique_ptr<TestMainThread>
 TestMainThread::create() {